Types of Network Architecture

There are several types of network architectures that can be used to design and implement a computer network. 

 a. Client and Server Network

  b. Peer to Peer (P2P) Network

  c. Point-to-Point Network

Some of the most common types of network architectures include:

a. Client and Server Network

A client-server network is a type of network architecture in which a central server stores and manages data and resources, and a number of clients access those resources. The server is responsible for processing requests from the clients and providing them with the resources that they need.

In a client-server network, the clients are typically computers or other devices that connect to the server in order to access shared resources. These resources might include data, applications, printers, or other devices. The server is responsible for managing access to these resources and ensuring that they are available to the clients when needed.

Client-server networks are often used in business environments because they allow for centralization of resources and easy management of user access. They are also used in many other settings, such as schools, hospitals, and government agencies.

Seen in Fig 1 Client/Server network

Fig 1 Client/Server network

b. Peer to Peer (P2P) Network

A peer-to-peer (P2P) network is a type of network architecture in which a group of computers are all equal in terms of their abilities and responsibilities. In a P2P network, there is no central server that stores and manages data and resources. Instead, each computer on the network can act as both a client and a server, and they can share resources with one another directly.

P2P networks are often used for file sharing, as they allow users to share files directly with one another without the need for a central server. They can also be used for other types of resource sharing, such as sharing access to printers or other devices.

One advantage of P2P networks is that they are often more resilient and scalable than client-server networks, as there is no single point of failure. However, they can also be more vulnerable to security risks, as there is no central authority that controls access to resources.

Fig 2 shows a P2P network.

Fig 2  P2P network.

c. Point-to-Point Network

A point-to-point network, also known as a point-to-point link, is a type of network connection that allows two devices to communicate with each other directly over a dedicated link. This type of connection is used to establish a direct communication path between two devices, without the need for intermediaries such as routers or switches.

Point-to-point networks are often used to connect two devices that are located far apart from one another, such as in different buildings or across long distances. They can be used to connect devices within a single organization, or to connect two different organizations.

Point-to-point networks can be established using a variety of technologies, including fiber optic cables, copper cables, and wireless links. They are often used in situations where a high-speed, reliable connection is needed, such as for transmitting large amounts of data or for supporting real-time applications.

 Fig 3 shows point to point network.

Fig 3 Point-To-Point Network