Unguided Transmission Media

Unguided transmission media refers to communication channels that do not rely on a physical connection or guide to transmit data. 

Examples of unguided transmission media include radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves. These types of media are used in wireless communication technologies, such as cellular phones, Wi-Fi, and satellite communication systems.

 Unguided transmission media can transmit data over long distances, but they are subject to interference and can be affected by obstacles in the environment.

a. Radio Wave

A radio wave is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is longer than that of visible light.

 Radio waves have a wide range of applications, including communication, navigation, and sensing. 

They are used in a variety of technologies, such as radio and television broadcasting, cellular phones, and satellite communication systems.

 Radio waves are produced by the movement of electrically charged particles, and they can be transmitted through the air or through a conductor, such as a wire.

 Radio waves are classified according to their frequency, which is measured in hertz (Hz). The lower the frequency of the radio wave, the longer its wavelength.

Fig 4.7 shows a radio wave transmitter and receiver.

b. Microwave

A microwave is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a shorter wavelength than radio waves. Microwaves are used for a variety of applications, including communication, navigation, and sensing. They are also used in the cooking of food, as microwaves can cause water molecules in food to vibrate, which produces heat.

Microwaves are produced by a variety of sources, including transmitters and natural sources such as the sun. They can be transmitted through the air or through a conductor, such as a waveguide.

Microwaves are used in many types of communication systems, including satellite communication systems, cellular phone networks, and Wi-Fi. They are also used in radar, which is a system that uses microwaves to detect the presence and location of objects.

Fig 4.9 shows Microwave transmission.

Fig 4.9 shows Microwave transmission.

                                  O.T.P